Hyaluronic Acid Does Not Hold 1000× Its Weight in Water
A prior OUMERE experiment visually estimated hyaluronic acid (HA) water-binding at ~10×–100×, contradicting the widely repeated “1000×” marketing claim. That preliminary work lacked a quantitative saturation definition. This brief reports updated, quantitative measurements demonstrating that the 1000× figure is unsupported and, for extra-low molecular weight HA, retention can fall below 1×.
Abstract
We assessed water-holding capacity of cosmetic-range HA (80,000–1,000,000 Da) using density, specific gravity, and rheometry to determine gel and saturation points. No sample achieved 1000× retention. Typical ranges measured were ~10×–100× depending on molecular weight distribution and test conditions. Extra-low MW HA (80–110 kDa) failed to retain its own weight (i.e., <1 g water per 1 g HA). Full manuscript is in preparation for peer review.
Methods (Summary)
- Materials: HA lots spanning 80 kDa to 1 MDa (cosmetic range).
- Procedure: Stepwise water addition; measurements of density & specific gravity; oscillatory rheometry to identify gelation and saturation transition points.
- Endpoints: Operational gel point; saturation (no further water incorporation without structural failure/phase separation); calculated retention ratio (g water / g HA).
Results
- No HA sample achieved 1000× water retention.
- Measured capacity typically fell within ~10×–100×, varying with molecular weight and matrix conditions.
- Extra-low MW (80–110 kDa): could not retain 1× its weight in water.
- Lower MW fragments were not inherently “more hydrating.”
No Scientific Basis for the 1000× Claim
We found no peer-reviewed study validating the “1000×” assertion. The phrase appears to be a legacy marketing line repeated without primary evidence. Quantitative testing here does not support it.
Discussion
HA’s water-binding capacity is finite and formulation-dependent. Smaller fragments can underperform. These findings argue for evaluating complete formulations that support barrier function and water balance, rather than relying on exaggerated single-ingredient claims.
FAQ
Does HA ever reach 1000×? No sample in this cosmetic-weight range achieved it under the quantitative criteria used.
Should consumers avoid HA? Not necessarily. Evaluate the whole formula, pH, and complementary ingredients. Avoid sensitizers and rely on barrier-supportive systems.
What’s next? Full dataset (curves and tables) will be released in the peer-reviewed manuscript. A plain-language summary will be posted for open access.